Macronutrient composition and glycaemic index of products for enteral nutrition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31617/2.2025(55)07Keywords:
products for enteral nutrition, gerodietetic purpose, macronutrients, energy value, glycemic index.Abstract
Nutrition is one of the primary factors forming and maintaining of human health, including representatives of older age groups. Its compliance with metabolic needs becomes especially important in emergencies, in particular in cases with increased physical and nervous loads, under the influence of stress, infections, diseases and injuries, including somatic ones. One of the most common non-communicable diseases in our time, in particular among people belonging to older age groups, is diabetes mellitus, primarily type II. In order to create appropriate conditions for overcoming negative phenomena for the body, providing it with the necessary appropriate amount of plastic, energy and physiologically active resources, modern practice has introduced the consumption (use) of food products for special medical purposes, in particular enteral nutrition. Domestic dry soluble products for enteral nutrition of representatives of older age groups suffering from carbohydrate malabsorption, including type II diabetes, have been developed. The scientific hypothesis that the estimated qualitative and quantitative ratio of chosen components of proposed products will ensure compliance with the recommendations of specialists in the field of defined target consumer categoryʼs representatives nutritional needs was estimated. The selection and preparation of dry soluble products samples was carried out in accordance with the requirements stipulated by ISO 707:2008. The research of carbohydrates content was carried out by the method of high-performance anion exchange chromatography in combination with pulsed amperometric detection, proteins – by the Kjeldahl method, lipids – by the gravimetric method. The level of glycemic and glycemic load of the presented products was established by calculation method. The content of macronutrients in these products has been researched, as a result of which it was established that the ratio of proteins: fats: carbohydrates in the total energy value is 42.20: 34.37: 23.43 and 43.22: 32.58: 24.20, which corresponds to the recommendations of profile specialists for ensuring the nutritional needs of the target group of consumers in emergencies. It was analyzed that the developed products have low glycemic index and load (16.1 and 8.1, 16.0 and 8.0 respectively). Given this, these products are recommended for consumption (use) by people, including representatives of older age groups, who have carbohydrate metabolismʼs dysfunctions, in particular, suffering from type II diabetes.
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