Biological value of Palaemon adspersus shrimp powder
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31617/tr.knute.2021(37)10Keywords:
Palaemon adspersus shrimp, food concentrate, protein, biological valueAbstract
Background. One of the most promising areas of integrated use of small raw materials is the production of food and biological additives from shrimp Palaemon adspersus, which are common in the Azov-Black Sea area. Currently, it is important to study the biological value of proteins, which will help expand the range of healthy foods with the addition of shrimp Palaemon adspersus.
The aim of the work is to study the biological value of proteins of food concentrate – shrimp powder from Shrimp Palaemon adspersus.
Materials and methods. The objects of study are Palaemon adspersus shrimps and Shrimp powder from it. (catch during September – October 2020, Dzharilgach Island, Kherson Region)
Sampling and preparation of samples of shrimp Palaemon adspersus for the study was carried out according to DSTU 7972: 2015. Determination of amino acid composition of proteins – according to DSTU ISO 13903: 2009 in the laboratory of the Institute of Biochemistry. O.O. Palladin of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
Results. According to research, the amount of essential amino acids in the protein of shrimp Palaemon adspersus exceeds this figure in the ideal protein by 23.43 %. In addition, there are no limiting amino acids, and the score of each amino acid is higher than 100 %. At the same time, the biological value of Palaemon adspersus shrimp protein is 89.04, which indicates a high degree of compliance of the amino acid composition of Palaemon adspersus shrimp with the body’s needs in amino acids for protein synthesis.
The biological value of Shrimp powder from Palaemon adspersus shrimp was studied. Indicators characterizing the degree of assimilation of essential amino acids by the human body were determined, namely: amino acid score, coefficient of amino acid score difference (18.83 %), biological value of protein (81.17 %), utilitarian ratio. The calculations indicate the high biological value of protein of the powder "Shrimp" and the prospects for its use in the manufacture of innovative foods.
Conclusion. Seven essential amino acids have been identified in Palaemon adspersus shrimp proteins and Shrimp powder. According to the amino acid score, the objects of study are a valuable source of lysine and methionine.
The biological value of proteins of the edible part of Palaemon adspersus exceeds this indicator of Shrimp powder by 8.9 %, which is due to technological processing.
According to the value of KRAS indicators, a high degree of amino acid use of proteins of the edible part of the shrimp Palaemon adspersus and "Shrimp" powder by the human body was established.
A high degree of assimilation of essential amino acids of Shrimp powder is proved on the basis of determining the utilitarian coefficient, the highest of which is leucine.
The high biological value of Palaemon adspersus shrimp and food concentrate – Shrimp powder indicates the prospects for its use in healthy food technology. That is why the determination of the safety indicators of "Shrimp" powder is a successive stage of the study of food concentrate.
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